{"id":116,"date":"2025-09-10T17:03:26","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T17:03:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/chapter\/research-spotlight-4-14\/"},"modified":"2026-03-16T14:19:29","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T14:19:29","slug":"research-spotlight-4-14","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/chapter\/research-spotlight-4-14\/","title":{"raw":"4.14 Research Spotlight","rendered":"4.14 Research Spotlight"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"research-spotlight-4.14\">\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">An interesting application of intercultural communication is in the ways people handle conflict. <a class=\"rId49\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08824096.2011.640093\"><span class=\"import-Hyperlink\">Crouche<\/span><span class=\"import-Hyperlink\">r <\/span><span class=\"import-Hyperlink\">and colleagues (2012) tested the idea that culture influences <\/span><span class=\"import-Hyperlink\">conflict styles.<\/span><\/a> Previous research shows conflict styles vary by culture. Stella Ting-Toomey et al. (1991) found European Americans (low-context culture) tend to use integrating, compromising, and emotionally expressive styles, whereas Asian Americans (high-context culture) tend to use avoiding conflict styles. Previously, research indicated individuals from the United States (low-context culture) used solution-oriented conflict resolution styles as compared to individuals from Mexico (high-context culture) who avoided confrontation (Chau &amp; Gudykunst, 1987).<\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">Data was gathered from participants in India (<em>n<\/em> = 657), Ireland (<em>n<\/em> = 311), Thailand (<em>n<\/em> = 232), and the United States (<em>n<\/em> = 592), totaling 1,792 participants. Participants provided demographic information and filled out a 38-item conflict style instrument designed by Oetzel (1998). Surveys were translated from English to Hindi and Thai.<\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">Results suggested individuals from high-context cultures such as India and Thailand are more likely to use indirect conflict strategies such as avoiding and obliging. On the other hand, individuals from low-context cultures such as the United States and Ireland preferred the direct strategy of a dominating style of conflict management.<\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\"><\/p>\n\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"research-spotlight-4.14\">\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">An interesting application of intercultural communication is in the ways people handle conflict. <a class=\"rId49\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08824096.2011.640093\"><span class=\"import-Hyperlink\">Crouche<\/span><span class=\"import-Hyperlink\">r <\/span><span class=\"import-Hyperlink\">and colleagues (2012) tested the idea that culture influences <\/span><span class=\"import-Hyperlink\">conflict styles.<\/span><\/a> Previous research shows conflict styles vary by culture. Stella Ting-Toomey et al. (1991) found European Americans (low-context culture) tend to use integrating, compromising, and emotionally expressive styles, whereas Asian Americans (high-context culture) tend to use avoiding conflict styles. Previously, research indicated individuals from the United States (low-context culture) used solution-oriented conflict resolution styles as compared to individuals from Mexico (high-context culture) who avoided confrontation (Chau &amp; Gudykunst, 1987).<\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">Data was gathered from participants in India (<em>n<\/em> = 657), Ireland (<em>n<\/em> = 311), Thailand (<em>n<\/em> = 232), and the United States (<em>n<\/em> = 592), totaling 1,792 participants. Participants provided demographic information and filled out a 38-item conflict style instrument designed by Oetzel (1998). Surveys were translated from English to Hindi and Thai.<\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">Results suggested individuals from high-context cultures such as India and Thailand are more likely to use indirect conflict strategies such as avoiding and obliging. On the other hand, individuals from low-context cultures such as the United States and Ireland preferred the direct strategy of a dominating style of conflict management.<\/p>\n<p class=\"import-Normal\">\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":14,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-116","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":88,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":117,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/116\/revisions\/117"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/88"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/116\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=116"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=116"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/professionalandtechnicalcommunication\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}