{"id":79,"date":"2020-06-04T19:19:06","date_gmt":"2020-06-04T19:19:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/chapter\/specifications-benchmarking\/"},"modified":"2026-03-16T13:57:52","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T13:57:52","slug":"specifications-benchmarking","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/chapter\/specifications-benchmarking\/","title":{"raw":"Chapter 3: Engineering Characteristics\/Specifications and Benchmarking","rendered":"Chapter 3: Engineering Characteristics\/Specifications and Benchmarking"},"content":{"raw":"<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Benchmarking and Engineering Specification<\/span><\/h2>\n<strong>Click on the left arrow to see each definition!<\/strong>\n\nThe original version of this chapter contained H5P content. You may want to remove or replace this element.\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Determining the How<\/span><\/h2>\nOnce the design team has identified the\u00a0<strong>WHO<\/strong>\u00a0(customer) and\u00a0<strong>WHAT<\/strong>\u00a0(customer requirements), the next step is to determine the\u00a0<strong>HOW<\/strong>. As engineers, the team will need to develop engineering characteristics\/features\/functions to satisfy the customer.\n\nFor example, consider designing a new vehicle. A\u00a0<strong>stated need\/want<\/strong>\u00a0by the customer might be,\n<p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 40px;\">\"I need a lot of room in my car because I have two kids and a dog and we take cross-country trips\".<\/p>\nThis translates into the\u00a0<strong>customer requirement :<\/strong>\n<p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 40px;\"><em>The car must be\u00a0<strong>roomy.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\nTo engineer a vehicle that meets this customer requirement, we must cast \"roomy\" into quantitative metrics or design features that we can:\n<ol>\n \t<li><strong>Assess<\/strong> \"on paper\" using our modeling skills;<\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Measure<\/strong>\u00a0once prototypes and production versions of our design are built;<\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Justify<\/strong>\u00a0our choices to management.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<u><strong>Suitable \"metrics\" might be:<\/strong><\/u>\n<ul>\n \t<li>\"Rows of seats (#)\"<\/li>\n \t<li>\"Interior volume (cubic feet)\"<\/li>\n \t<li>\"Headroom (inches),\" etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<u><strong>A corresponding feature might be:<\/strong><\/u>\n<ul>\n \t<li>\"Fold down seats.\"<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nNote each metric has an associated unit. Specific features may or may not exist, and thus have no units. The list of design criteria should be based on careful analysis of the customer's wants\/needs, analysis of existing products and systems, and extensive discussion amongst the team.\n\nIn summary,<strong>\u00a0HOW<\/strong>\u00a0refers to:\n\n<strong>The technical features, functionality, and characteristics that meet customer requirements,<\/strong> which form the \"attic \"of the house or How to Satisfy the Customer. The Relationship Matrix room of the House is used to assess these using the Customer Requirements using 1, 3, and 9. This is shown in your DMADVR Toolbox, in the tab titled,\u00a0 QFD w_DM.\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_77\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"447\"]<img class=\"wp-image-77\" src=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2020\/05\/HOQ.png\" alt=\"The rooms or parts of the House of Quality are represented like a floor plan\" width=\"447\" height=\"400\"> <strong>House of Quality Rooms<\/strong>[\/caption]\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Let Us Revisit MIRE TECH<\/span><\/h2>\nThe MIRE TECH design team first developed their customer requirements (CR) and rankings. Next, the team brainstormed engineering features\/characteristics\/functions that would satisfy these customer requirements. Asking HOW around the CRs assisted the team in developing the engineering features\/characteristics\/functions. The team brainstormed a list of quantifiable metrics and\/or features that can be correlated to the customer requirements. Each metric must have an associated unit. If there is an \"industry standard\" definition of a particular metric, use the standard metric.\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Specifications and their Importance<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"sc-embed-responsive sc-embed-responsive-16by9\">The original version of this chapter contained H5P content. You may want to remove or replace this element.<\/div>\n<div>\n\nNow let's take another look at our design team's development of a new chocolate chip cookie. The design team gathered information from the voice of the customer and determined the Customer Requirements and their rankings.\n\nNow the Chocolate Cookie Design (CCD) team can brainstorm around Engineering Specifications (functions\/features\/characteristics) to determine HOW the CRs will be satisfied by your CCD engineering team.\n<table class=\"lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 90px; overflow: scroll;\" tabindex=\"0\" border=\"0\"><caption>Voice of the Customer: Customer Requirements<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\"><strong>Ranking<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\"><strong>Based on Customers' needs\/wants, Define Customer Requirements<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">Good Texture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">Generous Portions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">Taste Good<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">Low Price<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">Appetizing Appearance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n\nThe original version of this chapter contained H5P content. You may want to remove or replace this element.\n\nNow, the team needs to relate the customers' requirements to the engineering metrics and features. This is a team decision based on thoughtful discussions and research in order to justify the correlations. This is sometimes referred to as\u00a0<strong>the correlation or relationship matrix<\/strong>\u00a0of the House of Quality.\n\nMIRE TECH Design Team used the following scale\u00a0<strong>to assess\/rank the relationship<\/strong>\u00a0between CRS (<em>What<\/em>) and the Engineering Specifications, Features, Functions, and Characteristics:\n<ul>\n \t<li>9 - Strong relationship<\/li>\n \t<li>3 - Moderate relationship<\/li>\n \t<li>1 - Little to no relationship<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nThe original version of this chapter contained H5P content. You may want to remove or replace this element.\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">House of Quality: How It is Built<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\nThe original version of this chapter contained H5P content. You may want to remove or replace this element.\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Units of Measurement<\/span><\/h2>\nAdditionally, each \/function\/characteristic can be assessed in terms of their \"direction\", up or down. In other words, from an engineering perspective, are you increasing or decreasing performance when meeting each Customer Requirement. A House Of Quality format is not always uniform. Some formats place units in the attic (top center) or foundation (bottom center). Some use up and down arrows vs. +\/-. It is important that you review the form provided in the course to ensure compliance.\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Target Values<\/span><\/h2>\nThe House of Quality (HoQ) provides a foundation to use benchmarked or target values as objective measurements to evaluate each characteristic, forming the basement of the house (8.). Compare competition by benchmarking against Engineering Specifications.\n\nMire Tech Team has calculated the ranking shown in the spreadsheet below, Mire_Tech_QFD (House of Quality_with DM).\u00a0 <strong>Download<\/strong> the spreadsheet below. Review how the rankings are automatically calculated based on your assessments already provided for the <strong>WHAT<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>HOW<\/strong> in the middle top area of the House of Quality (HoQ). Remember that the WHAT is the customer requirements or What the customer Wants! Also, the HOW is how your design team will satisfy or address What the Customer wants!\n<ul>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2026\/03\/MIre_Tech_QFDHouse-of-Quality-_with-DM.xlsx\">Click this link to download\/view the MIre Tech_QFD(House of Quality) _with DM [XLSX]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nMIRE_TECH completed sections 1, 2, 6, 7, 4, and 8. At the bottom of 4. Competition and Concepts are the scores for each of the Competitors and Concepts (Your team's). In green highlight are the high scorers, and can be used to develop the Benchmarking data!\n\n<span style=\"font-size: 1em;\">Review the WHAT (Customer Requirements on the left side. There are two customers: the end user and the entrepreneur.\u00a0 Reviewing the spreadsheet from left to right the Customer Requirements or the WHAT rows are addressed by the HOW columns. This is the process for engineering design teams to understand WHAT the customer requires\/wants and HOW the team will address this in their design.<\/span>\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\"><strong>Occasionally, company cultures allow more than 1,3,9 ranking. It is rare, and won't be used for ME design courses.<\/strong><\/div>\n<strong>This ranking of the engineering features\/functions\/characteristics\/metrics<\/strong> allowed the team to then identify the ones that have the biggest impact on customer requirements. Additionally, the team may identify target values for each metric and indicate whether each feature listed should be present or absent. Achieving each of the targets should mean that the customer(s) will be satisfied with the team's design.<strong>The bottom part of the table is for Benchmarking<\/strong>\u00a0or quantifying each competing product\/system against engineering features\/functions\/characteristics\/metrics the team developed (<em>HOW<\/em>). If a particular metric or feature doesn't fit with a particular competitor, this may mean the team's list is incomplete. Use appropriate sources. The team may need to make an educated guess and clearly identify that you have guessed. This area allows the team to determine where (measurable) their design needs to be in terms of specifications in moving forward with their selected concept.\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","rendered":"<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Benchmarking and Engineering Specification<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Click on the left arrow to see each definition!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The original version of this chapter contained H5P content. You may want to remove or replace this element.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Determining the How<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Once the design team has identified the\u00a0<strong>WHO<\/strong>\u00a0(customer) and\u00a0<strong>WHAT<\/strong>\u00a0(customer requirements), the next step is to determine the\u00a0<strong>HOW<\/strong>. As engineers, the team will need to develop engineering characteristics\/features\/functions to satisfy the customer.<\/p>\n<p>For example, consider designing a new vehicle. A\u00a0<strong>stated need\/want<\/strong>\u00a0by the customer might be,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 40px;\">&#8220;I need a lot of room in my car because I have two kids and a dog and we take cross-country trips&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>This translates into the\u00a0<strong>customer requirement :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 40px;\"><em>The car must be\u00a0<strong>roomy.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>To engineer a vehicle that meets this customer requirement, we must cast &#8220;roomy&#8221; into quantitative metrics or design features that we can:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Assess<\/strong> &#8220;on paper&#8221; using our modeling skills;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Measure<\/strong>\u00a0once prototypes and production versions of our design are built;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Justify<\/strong>\u00a0our choices to management.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><u><strong>Suitable &#8220;metrics&#8221; might be:<\/strong><\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;Rows of seats (#)&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Interior volume (cubic feet)&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Headroom (inches),&#8221; etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><u><strong>A corresponding feature might be:<\/strong><\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;Fold down seats.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note each metric has an associated unit. Specific features may or may not exist, and thus have no units. The list of design criteria should be based on careful analysis of the customer&#8217;s wants\/needs, analysis of existing products and systems, and extensive discussion amongst the team.<\/p>\n<p>In summary,<strong>\u00a0HOW<\/strong>\u00a0refers to:<\/p>\n<p><strong>The technical features, functionality, and characteristics that meet customer requirements,<\/strong> which form the &#8220;attic &#8220;of the house or How to Satisfy the Customer. The Relationship Matrix room of the House is used to assess these using the Customer Requirements using 1, 3, and 9. This is shown in your DMADVR Toolbox, in the tab titled,\u00a0 QFD w_DM.<\/p>\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_77\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-77\" style=\"width: 447px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-77\" src=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2020\/05\/HOQ.png\" alt=\"The rooms or parts of the House of Quality are represented like a floor plan\" width=\"447\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2020\/05\/HOQ.png 554w, https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2020\/05\/HOQ-300x268.png 300w, https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2020\/05\/HOQ-65x58.png 65w, https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2020\/05\/HOQ-225x201.png 225w, https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2020\/05\/HOQ-350x313.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 447px) 100vw, 447px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-77\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>House of Quality Rooms<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Let Us Revisit MIRE TECH<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The MIRE TECH design team first developed their customer requirements (CR) and rankings. Next, the team brainstormed engineering features\/characteristics\/functions that would satisfy these customer requirements. Asking HOW around the CRs assisted the team in developing the engineering features\/characteristics\/functions. The team brainstormed a list of quantifiable metrics and\/or features that can be correlated to the customer requirements. Each metric must have an associated unit. If there is an &#8220;industry standard&#8221; definition of a particular metric, use the standard metric.<\/p>\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Specifications and their Importance<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"sc-embed-responsive sc-embed-responsive-16by9\">The original version of this chapter contained H5P content. You may want to remove or replace this element.<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>Now let&#8217;s take another look at our design team&#8217;s development of a new chocolate chip cookie. The design team gathered information from the voice of the customer and determined the Customer Requirements and their rankings.<\/p>\n<p>Now the Chocolate Cookie Design (CCD) team can brainstorm around Engineering Specifications (functions\/features\/characteristics) to determine HOW the CRs will be satisfied by your CCD engineering team.<\/p>\n<table class=\"lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 90px; overflow: scroll;\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<caption>Voice of the Customer: Customer Requirements<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\"><strong>Ranking<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\"><strong>Based on Customers&#8217; needs\/wants, Define Customer Requirements<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">Good Texture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">Generous Portions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">Taste Good<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">Low Price<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; height: 15px;\">Appetizing Appearance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<p>The original version of this chapter contained H5P content. You may want to remove or replace this element.<\/p>\n<p>Now, the team needs to relate the customers&#8217; requirements to the engineering metrics and features. This is a team decision based on thoughtful discussions and research in order to justify the correlations. This is sometimes referred to as\u00a0<strong>the correlation or relationship matrix<\/strong>\u00a0of the House of Quality.<\/p>\n<p>MIRE TECH Design Team used the following scale\u00a0<strong>to assess\/rank the relationship<\/strong>\u00a0between CRS (<em>What<\/em>) and the Engineering Specifications, Features, Functions, and Characteristics:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>9 &#8211; Strong relationship<\/li>\n<li>3 &#8211; Moderate relationship<\/li>\n<li>1 &#8211; Little to no relationship<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The original version of this chapter contained H5P content. You may want to remove or replace this element.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">House of Quality: How It is Built<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The original version of this chapter contained H5P content. You may want to remove or replace this element.<\/p>\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Units of Measurement<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Additionally, each \/function\/characteristic can be assessed in terms of their &#8220;direction&#8221;, up or down. In other words, from an engineering perspective, are you increasing or decreasing performance when meeting each Customer Requirement. A House Of Quality format is not always uniform. Some formats place units in the attic (top center) or foundation (bottom center). Some use up and down arrows vs. +\/-. It is important that you review the form provided in the course to ensure compliance.<\/p>\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<h2><span style=\"color: #1b3b80;\">Target Values<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The House of Quality (HoQ) provides a foundation to use benchmarked or target values as objective measurements to evaluate each characteristic, forming the basement of the house (8.). Compare competition by benchmarking against Engineering Specifications.<\/p>\n<p>Mire Tech Team has calculated the ranking shown in the spreadsheet below, Mire_Tech_QFD (House of Quality_with DM).\u00a0 <strong>Download<\/strong> the spreadsheet below. Review how the rankings are automatically calculated based on your assessments already provided for the <strong>WHAT<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>HOW<\/strong> in the middle top area of the House of Quality (HoQ). Remember that the WHAT is the customer requirements or What the customer Wants! Also, the HOW is how your design team will satisfy or address What the Customer wants!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2026\/03\/MIre_Tech_QFDHouse-of-Quality-_with-DM.xlsx\">Click this link to download\/view the MIre Tech_QFD(House of Quality) _with DM [XLSX]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>MIRE_TECH completed sections 1, 2, 6, 7, 4, and 8. At the bottom of 4. Competition and Concepts are the scores for each of the Competitors and Concepts (Your team&#8217;s). In green highlight are the high scorers, and can be used to develop the Benchmarking data!<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 1em;\">Review the WHAT (Customer Requirements on the left side. There are two customers: the end user and the entrepreneur.\u00a0 Reviewing the spreadsheet from left to right the Customer Requirements or the WHAT rows are addressed by the HOW columns. This is the process for engineering design teams to understand WHAT the customer requires\/wants and HOW the team will address this in their design.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sc-table-responsive\">\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\"><strong>Occasionally, company cultures allow more than 1,3,9 ranking. It is rare, and won&#8217;t be used for ME design courses.<\/strong><\/div>\n<p><strong>This ranking of the engineering features\/functions\/characteristics\/metrics<\/strong> allowed the team to then identify the ones that have the biggest impact on customer requirements. Additionally, the team may identify target values for each metric and indicate whether each feature listed should be present or absent. Achieving each of the targets should mean that the customer(s) will be satisfied with the team&#8217;s design.<strong>The bottom part of the table is for Benchmarking<\/strong>\u00a0or quantifying each competing product\/system against engineering features\/functions\/characteristics\/metrics the team developed (<em>HOW<\/em>). If a particular metric or feature doesn&#8217;t fit with a particular competitor, this may mean the team&#8217;s list is incomplete. Use appropriate sources. The team may need to make an educated guess and clearly identify that you have guessed. This area allows the team to determine where (measurable) their design needs to be in terms of specifications in moving forward with their selected concept.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-79","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":64,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/79","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/79\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":80,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/79\/revisions\/80"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/64"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/79\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=79"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=79"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/me270baughman\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=79"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}