{"id":88,"date":"2024-07-29T22:36:00","date_gmt":"2024-07-29T22:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/chapter\/module-iv-ethics\/"},"modified":"2026-03-16T13:38:13","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T13:38:13","slug":"module-iv-ethics","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/chapter\/module-iv-ethics\/","title":{"raw":"Module IV: Ethics","rendered":"Module IV: Ethics"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>ABET Student Outcome<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW4005336 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW4005336 BCX0\">ENGR Student Outcome 4: an ability to recognize ethical and professional responsibilities in engineering situations and make informed judgments, which must consider the impact of engineering solutions in global, economic, environmental, and societal contexts.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW4005336 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n\nAll engineers have a responsibility to ensure their work and conduct meets a <strong>standard of ethics<\/strong>.\u00a0 While behaving ethically seems like common sense, it is not necessarily common sense or high priority to everyone, and so many professional engineering societies and associations have developed ethics guidelines to ensure that everyone shares and is aware of the same minimum standard.\u00a0 This module focuses on the awareness and practice of engineering ethics.\n\n<\/div>\n<h1>IV.1) Ethical Considerations<\/h1>\n<h2>Information<\/h2>\nEthics is at the intersection of legality and morality and incorporates common sense as well as considerations related to responsibility.\u00a0 <span class=\"TextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\"><em>Engineering<\/em> ethics are principles and guidelines engineers follow to <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\">ensure their decision-making is aligned with their obligations to the <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\">public, their clients, and the industry.\u00a0 According to the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE), \"<\/span><\/span>Engineers, in the fulfillment of their professional duties, shall:\u200b\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n \t<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\">\"Hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public.\u200b<\/li>\n \t<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\">\"Perform services only in areas of their competence.\u200b<\/li>\n \t<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\">\"Issue public statements only in an objective and truthful manner.\u200b<\/li>\n \t<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"2\">\"Act for each employer or client as faithful agents or trustees.\u200b<\/li>\n \t<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"2\">\"Avoid deceptive acts.\u200b<\/li>\n \t<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"2\">\"Conduct themselves honorably, responsibly, ethically, and lawfully so as to enhance the honor, reputation, and usefulness of the profession.\"<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nA printable handout of the code of ethics from NSPE is available <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/NSPECodeofEthicsforEngineers.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.\n\nThe following slide deck explains engineering ethics, key factors in decision making, and ethical guidelines in professional practice and technical writing.\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Engineering-Ethics.pptx\" rel=\"noopener\">Engineering Ethics Slides<\/a>\n\nEngineering ethics guidelines exist for topics such as:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Public health, safety, and welfare<\/li>\n \t<li>Environment and sustainability<\/li>\n \t<li>Disclosure of concerns to clients<\/li>\n \t<li>Disclosure of concerns to authorities<\/li>\n \t<li>Employee competency<\/li>\n \t<li>Objectivity and honesty<\/li>\n \t<li>Duties to employers and clients<\/li>\n \t<li>Conflicts of interest and disclosures<\/li>\n \t<li>Confidentiality<\/li>\n \t<li>Personal merits and qualifications<\/li>\n \t<li>Credit to others<\/li>\n \t<li>Criticism of and interference with others<\/li>\n \t<li>Integrity of individuals and the profession<\/li>\n \t<li>Fraud, bribery, and legal violations<\/li>\n \t<li>Gratuities and compensation<\/li>\n \t<li>Personal professional development<\/li>\n \t<li>Professional development of colleagues<\/li>\n \t<li>Extending public knowledge of STEM<\/li>\n \t<li>Discrimination, harassment, and respect<\/li>\n \t<li>Partisan standards<\/li>\n \t<li>Serving as an expert witness<\/li>\n \t<li>Accuracy of advertising or descriptions of work<\/li>\n \t<li>Accepting criticism<\/li>\n \t<li>Reporting a member's ethics violations to a society<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nA complete chart of ethical standards by topic and discipline is available on the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) website at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ncees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/U.S.-Codes-of-Ethics-handout-2019.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ncees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/U.S.-Codes-of-Ethics-handout-2019.pdf<\/a>\n\nThe American Board of Engineering and Technology (ABET) recognizes that not all the above topics apply to students who are not yet working as professionals.\u00a0 However, ABET does require in its accreditation criteria that <strong>students must\u00a0 \"recognize ethical and professional responsibilities in engineering situations and make informed judgments,\" and \"consider the impact of engineering solutions in global, economic, environmental, and societal contexts\"<\/strong>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abet.org\/accreditation\/accreditation-criteria\/criteria-for-accrediting-engineering-programs-2024-2025\/\" rel=\"noopener\">ABET General Engineering Criterion 3. Student Outcome 4.<\/a>)\u00a0 This applies to situational analysis, academic integrity, projects students do, and prototypes they create.\n<h2>Activity<\/h2>\n<span class=\"TextRun SCXW13410496 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW13410496 BCX0\">Many engineering design problems are narrowly focused with specific business-related <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW13410496 BCX0\">objectives;<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW13410496 BCX0\"> however, there can be significant peripheral or concomitant impacts.\u00a0 Use the following worksheet to identify important ethics considerations related to your design, and describe the ways in which you accommodated that factor in your design, or justify your reasons for ignoring it.\u00a0 (Not all areas of ethics are applicable to a particular project, so be thorough and realistic in your analysis, but don't go overboard.)<\/span><\/span>\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/IV.1-ABET-Design-Factors-Worksheet.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">ABET Design Factors Worksheet<\/a>\n<h1>IV.2) Engineering Standards<\/h1>\n<h2>Information<\/h2>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n\nEngineering standards are design, fabrication, and performance guidelines imposed by national or international organizations for the purpose of ensuring quality and safety of manufactured products and inventions.\u00a0 These include:\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\">ISO: International Standards Organization\nquality management (9000\u2019s), environmental management (14,000\u2019s), health and safety (45,000\u2019s), energy management (50,001), food safety (22,000\u2019s), and IT security standards (27,000\u2019s)\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standards.html\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standards.html<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\">ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials\nmaterials standards\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.astm.org\/Standard\/standards-and-publications.html\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.astm.org\/Standard\/standards-and-publications.html<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\">ANSI: American National Standards Institute\nequipment standards\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ansi.org\/search\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ansi.org\/search<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\">NIOSH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health\nhealth and safety research data and standards\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/index.htm\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/index.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\">OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration\nregulations for general industry, construction, maritime, agriculture, recordkeeping, etc.\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/index.php\/laws-regs\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/index.php\/laws-regs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\">NHSTA: National Highway Transportation Safety Administration\nmotor vehicle regulations\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhtsa.gov\/laws-regulations\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nhtsa.gov\/laws-regulations<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\">IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission\nguidelines and ratings for electrical and electronic devices and systems, IP\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iec.ch\/understanding-standards\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.iec.ch\/understanding-standards<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Activity<\/h2>\n<span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW116496763 BCX0\">Which engineering standards are applicable to your project?\u00a0 How will you consider and implement them in your design?\u00a0 Peruse standards from any of the organizations above that are related to your project.\u00a0 Choose at least 3-5 specific standards, list them, and explain how your project will meet them specifically.\u00a0 Add these to the last row of the table from the ABET Design Factors Worksheet in section IV.1 above.<\/span>\n\n<\/div>\n<h1>IV.3) Shop and Lab Safety<\/h1>\n<h2>Information<\/h2>\nWorkplace safety is one of the most important and highly regulated areas of engineering ethics.\u00a0 A safety mindset and safe practices begin in the home and develop in school lab activities.\u00a0 Each school and program has its own safety guidelines, but the handout below provides basic lab safety information that is widely applicable.\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Lab-Safety-Guidelines.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Lab Safety Guidelines<\/a>\n<h2>Activity<\/h2>\nAfter reviewing the information in the lab safety guidelines above, take the <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Safety-Quiz.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Lab Safety Quiz<\/a>.\n\nIf you have an industry-sponsored project, then after <span class=\"TextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\">the <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\">initial<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\"> site tour you have taken at your industry partner\u2019s facility, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\">write<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\"> an essay <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\">identifying<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\"> potential ethical decisions you may have to navigate throughout your project this semester.\u00a0 Use the following assignment guidelines: <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/07\/Ethics-Considerations-on-Your-Capstone-Project.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethics Considerations on Your Capstone Project<\/a><\/span><\/span>\n<h1>IV.4) Case Study: Space Shuttle <em>Challenger<\/em> Disaster<\/h1>\n<h2>Information<\/h2>\nIn 1986, the Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrated just seconds after launch, destroying all seven crew members on board and causing a three-month excavation effort in the Atlantic Ocean to collect all remains.\u00a0 The cause?\u00a0 O-ring failure.\u00a0 Watch the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QbtY_Wl-hYI\" rel=\"noopener\">Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster: Ethics Case Study No. 1 video<\/a> by the American Society of Civil Engineers and Allan J. McDonald, former director of the Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Motor Project, to learn about ethical issues uncovered in the investigation of this catastrophe.\n\n[embed]https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QbtY_Wl-hYI[\/embed]\n<h2>Activity<\/h2>\nPrimary Activity: <em>Challenger Investigation<\/em>.\u00a0 After viewing the video above, write an essay addressing the ethics questions in this assignment sheet: <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Ethics-Essay-Assignment.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">Challenger Ethics Essay Assignment<\/a>\u00a0 Follow the guidelines for <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Applying-Ethics-in-Technical-Communication.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Applying Ethics in Technical Communication<\/a> by Matt McKinney.\n\nSecondary Activity: <em>Ethics Case Studies Debate.<\/em>\u00a0 The purpose of the presentation of these engineering ethics case studies is to explore these contemporary issues as a class.\u00a0 \u00a0Five are available for debate here: <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Ethics-Case-Study-Debate-Topic-Choices.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethics Case Study Debate Topic Choices<\/a>.\u00a0 Choose one of these to debate along with another team or classmate.\u00a0 Prepare your debate according to these guidelines: <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Ethics-Case-Study-Debate-Guidelines.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethics Case Study Debate Guidelines<\/a>.\u00a0 You will be judged according to this rubric: <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Ethics-Case-Study-Debate-Rubric.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethics Case Study Debate Rubric<\/a>.","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>ABET Student Outcome<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW4005336 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW4005336 BCX0\">ENGR Student Outcome 4: an ability to recognize ethical and professional responsibilities in engineering situations and make informed judgments, which must consider the impact of engineering solutions in global, economic, environmental, and societal contexts.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW4005336 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<p>All engineers have a responsibility to ensure their work and conduct meets a <strong>standard of ethics<\/strong>.\u00a0 While behaving ethically seems like common sense, it is not necessarily common sense or high priority to everyone, and so many professional engineering societies and associations have developed ethics guidelines to ensure that everyone shares and is aware of the same minimum standard.\u00a0 This module focuses on the awareness and practice of engineering ethics.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h1>IV.1) Ethical Considerations<\/h1>\n<h2>Information<\/h2>\n<p>Ethics is at the intersection of legality and morality and incorporates common sense as well as considerations related to responsibility.\u00a0 <span class=\"TextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\"><em>Engineering<\/em> ethics are principles and guidelines engineers follow to <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\">ensure their decision-making is aligned with their obligations to the <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP155203170 BCX0\">public, their clients, and the industry.\u00a0 According to the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE), &#8220;<\/span><\/span>Engineers, in the fulfillment of their professional duties, shall:\u200b<\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\">&#8220;Hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public.\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\">&#8220;Perform services only in areas of their competence.\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\">&#8220;Issue public statements only in an objective and truthful manner.\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"2\">&#8220;Act for each employer or client as faithful agents or trustees.\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"2\">&#8220;Avoid deceptive acts.\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Times New Roman,Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1270\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"2\">&#8220;Conduct themselves honorably, responsibly, ethically, and lawfully so as to enhance the honor, reputation, and usefulness of the profession.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A printable handout of the code of ethics from NSPE is available <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/NSPECodeofEthicsforEngineers.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The following slide deck explains engineering ethics, key factors in decision making, and ethical guidelines in professional practice and technical writing.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Engineering-Ethics.pptx\" rel=\"noopener\">Engineering Ethics Slides<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Engineering ethics guidelines exist for topics such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Public health, safety, and welfare<\/li>\n<li>Environment and sustainability<\/li>\n<li>Disclosure of concerns to clients<\/li>\n<li>Disclosure of concerns to authorities<\/li>\n<li>Employee competency<\/li>\n<li>Objectivity and honesty<\/li>\n<li>Duties to employers and clients<\/li>\n<li>Conflicts of interest and disclosures<\/li>\n<li>Confidentiality<\/li>\n<li>Personal merits and qualifications<\/li>\n<li>Credit to others<\/li>\n<li>Criticism of and interference with others<\/li>\n<li>Integrity of individuals and the profession<\/li>\n<li>Fraud, bribery, and legal violations<\/li>\n<li>Gratuities and compensation<\/li>\n<li>Personal professional development<\/li>\n<li>Professional development of colleagues<\/li>\n<li>Extending public knowledge of STEM<\/li>\n<li>Discrimination, harassment, and respect<\/li>\n<li>Partisan standards<\/li>\n<li>Serving as an expert witness<\/li>\n<li>Accuracy of advertising or descriptions of work<\/li>\n<li>Accepting criticism<\/li>\n<li>Reporting a member&#8217;s ethics violations to a society<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A complete chart of ethical standards by topic and discipline is available on the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) website at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ncees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/U.S.-Codes-of-Ethics-handout-2019.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ncees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/U.S.-Codes-of-Ethics-handout-2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The American Board of Engineering and Technology (ABET) recognizes that not all the above topics apply to students who are not yet working as professionals.\u00a0 However, ABET does require in its accreditation criteria that <strong>students must\u00a0 &#8220;recognize ethical and professional responsibilities in engineering situations and make informed judgments,&#8221; and &#8220;consider the impact of engineering solutions in global, economic, environmental, and societal contexts&#8221;<\/strong>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abet.org\/accreditation\/accreditation-criteria\/criteria-for-accrediting-engineering-programs-2024-2025\/\" rel=\"noopener\">ABET General Engineering Criterion 3. Student Outcome 4.<\/a>)\u00a0 This applies to situational analysis, academic integrity, projects students do, and prototypes they create.<\/p>\n<h2>Activity<\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW13410496 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW13410496 BCX0\">Many engineering design problems are narrowly focused with specific business-related <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW13410496 BCX0\">objectives;<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW13410496 BCX0\"> however, there can be significant peripheral or concomitant impacts.\u00a0 Use the following worksheet to identify important ethics considerations related to your design, and describe the ways in which you accommodated that factor in your design, or justify your reasons for ignoring it.\u00a0 (Not all areas of ethics are applicable to a particular project, so be thorough and realistic in your analysis, but don&#8217;t go overboard.)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/IV.1-ABET-Design-Factors-Worksheet.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">ABET Design Factors Worksheet<\/a><\/p>\n<h1>IV.2) Engineering Standards<\/h1>\n<h2>Information<\/h2>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<p>Engineering standards are design, fabrication, and performance guidelines imposed by national or international organizations for the purpose of ensuring quality and safety of manufactured products and inventions.\u00a0 These include:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\">ISO: International Standards Organization<br \/>\nquality management (9000\u2019s), environmental management (14,000\u2019s), health and safety (45,000\u2019s), energy management (50,001), food safety (22,000\u2019s), and IT security standards (27,000\u2019s)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standards.html\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standards.html<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\">ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials<br \/>\nmaterials standards<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.astm.org\/Standard\/standards-and-publications.html\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.astm.org\/Standard\/standards-and-publications.html<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\">ANSI: American National Standards Institute<br \/>\nequipment standards<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ansi.org\/search\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ansi.org\/search<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\">NIOSH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health<br \/>\nhealth and safety research data and standards<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/index.htm\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/index.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\">OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration<br \/>\nregulations for general industry, construction, maritime, agriculture, recordkeeping, etc.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/index.php\/laws-regs\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/index.php\/laws-regs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\">NHSTA: National Highway Transportation Safety Administration<br \/>\nmotor vehicle regulations<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhtsa.gov\/laws-regulations\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nhtsa.gov\/laws-regulations<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\">IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission<br \/>\nguidelines and ratings for electrical and electronic devices and systems, IP<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iec.ch\/understanding-standards\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.iec.ch\/understanding-standards<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Activity<\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW116496763 BCX0\">Which engineering standards are applicable to your project?\u00a0 How will you consider and implement them in your design?\u00a0 Peruse standards from any of the organizations above that are related to your project.\u00a0 Choose at least 3-5 specific standards, list them, and explain how your project will meet them specifically.\u00a0 Add these to the last row of the table from the ABET Design Factors Worksheet in section IV.1 above.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h1>IV.3) Shop and Lab Safety<\/h1>\n<h2>Information<\/h2>\n<p>Workplace safety is one of the most important and highly regulated areas of engineering ethics.\u00a0 A safety mindset and safe practices begin in the home and develop in school lab activities.\u00a0 Each school and program has its own safety guidelines, but the handout below provides basic lab safety information that is widely applicable.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Lab-Safety-Guidelines.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Lab Safety Guidelines<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Activity<\/h2>\n<p>After reviewing the information in the lab safety guidelines above, take the <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Safety-Quiz.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Lab Safety Quiz<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>If you have an industry-sponsored project, then after <span class=\"TextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\">the <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\">initial<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\"> site tour you have taken at your industry partner\u2019s facility, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\">write<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\"> an essay <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\">identifying<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW119934118 BCX0\"> potential ethical decisions you may have to navigate throughout your project this semester.\u00a0 Use the following assignment guidelines: <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/07\/Ethics-Considerations-on-Your-Capstone-Project.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethics Considerations on Your Capstone Project<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h1>IV.4) Case Study: Space Shuttle <em>Challenger<\/em> Disaster<\/h1>\n<h2>Information<\/h2>\n<p>In 1986, the Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrated just seconds after launch, destroying all seven crew members on board and causing a three-month excavation effort in the Atlantic Ocean to collect all remains.\u00a0 The cause?\u00a0 O-ring failure.\u00a0 Watch the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QbtY_Wl-hYI\" rel=\"noopener\">Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster: Ethics Case Study No. 1 video<\/a> by the American Society of Civil Engineers and Allan J. McDonald, former director of the Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Motor Project, to learn about ethical issues uncovered in the investigation of this catastrophe.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster: Ethics Case Study No. 1\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QbtY_Wl-hYI?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Activity<\/h2>\n<p>Primary Activity: <em>Challenger Investigation<\/em>.\u00a0 After viewing the video above, write an essay addressing the ethics questions in this assignment sheet: <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Ethics-Essay-Assignment.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">Challenger Ethics Essay Assignment<\/a>\u00a0 Follow the guidelines for <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Applying-Ethics-in-Technical-Communication.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Applying Ethics in Technical Communication<\/a> by Matt McKinney.<\/p>\n<p>Secondary Activity: <em>Ethics Case Studies Debate.<\/em>\u00a0 The purpose of the presentation of these engineering ethics case studies is to explore these contemporary issues as a class.\u00a0 \u00a0Five are available for debate here: <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Ethics-Case-Study-Debate-Topic-Choices.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethics Case Study Debate Topic Choices<\/a>.\u00a0 Choose one of these to debate along with another team or classmate.\u00a0 Prepare your debate according to these guidelines: <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Ethics-Case-Study-Debate-Guidelines.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethics Case Study Debate Guidelines<\/a>.\u00a0 You will be judged according to this rubric: <a href=\"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/03\/Ethics-Case-Study-Debate-Rubric.docx\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethics Case Study Debate Rubric<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"","pb_short_title":"Module IV: Ethics","pb_subtitle":"Ethics: Responsibilities, Safety, Global Impacts, and Standards","pb_authors":["eledoux","msheppard-2","muddin-2"],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[61,64,63],"license":[],"class_list":["post-88","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-eledoux","contributor-msheppard-2","contributor-muddin-2"],"part":23,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/88","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/88\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":89,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/88\/revisions\/89"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/23"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/88\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=88"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=88"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraryresources.nse.org.ng\/engineeringcapstone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=88"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}